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Template:Reflist/doc


40x40px Columns are currently supported only by newer versions of Gecko-based browsers (such as Mozilla Firefox) and WebKit-based browsers (such as Google Chrome and Safari). All versions of Internet Explorer through to version 8 and Opera through to version 10 do not support columns. See below for more information.
40x40px If you see a bigger font size than usual, it is because of a style change to reference lists in general. See this discussion. To restore the regular small font size, purge your cache.

This template encapsulates the <references /> tag to show the list of references defined by <ref></ref> tags, with some formatting. It reduces the font size and has options for columns and groups. References can be defined within the body of the article or within the reference list.

The <ref></ref> and <references /> tags are part of the Cite.php MediaWiki extension.

{{Reflist}} may be used with {{Refbegin}} and {{Refend}} to format different styles of references.

Contents

Usage

Using only footnote-style references 
== Content ==
Lorem ipsum.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
Using only bibliographical style references 
== Content ==
Lorem ipsum.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.

== References ==
{{Refbegin}}
* reference 1
* reference 2
{{Refend}}
Using both footnote-style and bibliography-style references 

== Content ==

Lorem ipsum.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>

Lorem ipsum.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.

== References ==

{{Reflist}}

{{Refbegin}}
* reference 1
* reference 2
{{Refend}}

Font size

The font size should reduce to 90% for most browsers, but may appear to show at 100% for Internet Explorer and possibly other browsers.[1] As of December 21, 2010, the standard <references /> tag has the same font styling. The smaller font may be disabled through Special:Preferences → Gadgets → Disable smaller font sizes of elements such as Infoboxes, Navboxes and References lists.

Columns

Using {{Reflist|2}} will create a two-column reference list, and {{Reflist|3}} will create a three-column list, and so on. Choose the number of columns that is appropriate for the average width of the references on the page.

Using {{Reflist|30em}} will create columns with a minimum width of 30em, allowing the browser to automatically choose the number of columns based on the width of the web browser. Choose a column width that is appropriate for the average width of the references on the page.

Columns are currently supported only by Gecko-based browsers (such as Mozilla Firefox) and Webkit-based bowsers (such as Google Chrome and Safari). See below for more information.

Multiple uses

If {{Reflist}} is used multiple times without a parameter, each instance will include all of the previously defined references. To force the parser to close previous references, each use of {{Reflist}} must be forced as a new instance by the use of any parameter. Even an undefined parameter such as {{Reflist|close=1}} will force the references to close.

Grouped references

As of June 2008, the footnotes system supports the separation of references into groups. This allows groups for explanatory notes, table references and the like. See Wikipedia:Footnotes#Separating reference lists and explanatory notes.

The general format for the reference tag would be:

<ref group="groupname">

And for the reflist:

{{Reflist|group="groupname"}}
Where groupname would be a group identifier such as "note", "nb" or "label".

List-defined references

Further information: WP:LDR

As of September 2009, references may be defined within {{Reflist}} using

Usage

This template is for giving examples of template parameter source code (useful in template documentation and talk page discussions of template code). It must have one or two parameters itself. The first is the name of the example parameter to display (this may be empty, but it must be present), and the second (optional) one is a value for the first example parameter, or (if the first {{para}} parameter is empty) an unnamed example parameter.

Examples

  1.   {{para|name}}
    renders as
    Template loop detected: Template:Para
  2.   {{para|title|<var>book title</var>}}
    renders as
    Template loop detected: Template:Para
  3.   {{para| |section}}
    renders as
    Template loop detected: Template:Para
    (for unnamed parameters in the example code; note the empty first parameter in the {{para}} template)
  4.   {{para|<var>parameter</var>|<var>value</var>}}
    renders as
    Template loop detected: Template:Para

When using literal, pre-specified values, simply provide the value (appearance as in example 3). When illustrating hypothetical, variable or user-definable values, use <var>value</var> (appearance as in example 2), and the same should be done for non-literal, example parameters (as in example 4).

See also

  • Template:Tlx – for providing examples of entire-template code with included parameters
v · d · eTemplateLinking Templates
TL
  • {{tl}} – Template link, no parameters and normal text style.
  • {{tlc}} – Not linked, several parameters and text in <code></code> style.
  • {{tld}} – Not linked, several parameters and teletype text style.
  • {{tlf}} – Not linked, several parameters and normal text style.
  • {{tlx}} – Template link, several parameters and interwiki links, teletype text style.
  • {{tn}} – Same as

This is the Template loop detected: Template:Tlf template.

This template works almost exactly like

This is the Template loop detected: Template:Tlc template.

This page also provides the full documentation for the templates {{tld}} and {{tlf}}, which work almost exactly identically.

Purpose and naming

When a template name with braces is to be shown in documentation, the braces have to be escaped in some way so it doesn't become an actual call to the template. Instead of using <nowiki></nowiki> tags you can write it more simply and concisely by using the Template loop detected: Template:Tlc, Template loop detected: Template:Tlc, or Template loop detected: Template:Tlc templates.

These templates work similarly to Template loop detected: Template:Tlc and Template loop detected: Template:Tlc, but don't make the template name into a link. When writing documentation you might want to avoid a lot of unnecessary links, since they can decrease readability. So on the first occurrence of a template name use {{tl}} or {{tlx}}, and then use Template loop detected: Template:Tlc, Template loop detected: Template:Tlc or Template loop detected: Template:Tlc thereafter.

Template Mnemonic Format differentiation
Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Template link code Uses the <code>...</code> tags meant for showing programming code.
Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Template link dialup-host Uses the <tt>...</tt> tags sometimes used for showing programming code. Essentially the non-linking equivalent of {{tlx}}.
Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Template link format-normal Uses proportional-spaced font as is normal for regular text rather than a monospace font as typically used with programming code. Essentially the non-linking equivalent of {{tlp}}.

The three names were based on {{tl}} template link', despite the fact that, unlike the actual Template loop detected: Template:Tlc template, these three don't include an actual link. The mnemonics for Template loop detected: Template:Tlc and Template loop detected: Template:Tlc were invented after the fact, since the template creator used the single letters still available rather than the preferred Template loop detected: Template:Tlc (using <tt>) and Template loop detected: Template:Tlc (using "normal", non-coded text style) monikers.

Basic operation

Here is how these templates look. Code is to the left; actual rendering to the right:

Template loop detected: Template:Tlc = Template loop detected: Template:Tlc
Template loop detected: Template:Tlc = {{name|parameters}}
Template loop detected: Template:Tlc = Template loop detected: Template:Tlf

Use with editprotected templates

Most Wikipedia users and even editors will have little or no need for use (or knowledge) of these templates. You will find them of more use if you are a writer or documenter of templates. However, editors may be pointed here when attempting to deal with edit requests on pages which have been protected in some way.

Pages which have been protected can't be edited by every user, but would-be editors can request specific changes on the corresponding Discussion page. An editor requesting a change to a semi-protected page, for example, would add the {{editsemiprotected}} template, followed by their request, to the Talk page. The Template loop detected: Template:Tlc template expands to a texty notice which includes the instruction, "Replace the Template loop detected: Template:Tlc template with Template loop detected: Template:Tlc when the request has been accepted or rejected." An empowered editor acting on the request would then change the template per this instruction.

The desired effect is to replace the Template loop detected: Template:Tlc template (with its big, eye-catching box of information) by the name of the template, merely showing that the template had been there, and acted upon. The use of the Template loop detected: Template:Tlc template means that the template should appear in a normal, proportional font-face, as in "Template loop detected: Template:Tlf".

Documentation

Functional details

  • This template takes another template-name and some associated pipe-tricked (numbered) parameters (or 'pass parameters'), and displays them as an 'example demonstration' of how the template-name template could be coded, literally. Its primary use is in instruction and documentation.
  • Specifics here???
  • Features of Template loop detected: Template:Tlc, Template loop detected: Template:Tlc and Template loop detected: Template:Tlc:
    • They show a template name and up to eight parameters.
    • They also show empty parameters. (See examples below.)
    • They prevent line wraps in their output.

Usage

Template loop detected: Template:Tlc → Template loop detected: Template:Tlc

Template loop detected: Template:Tlc → {{Template|first_parameter|second|third|fourth|fifth|sixth|seventh|eighth}}

Template loop detected: Template:Tlc → Template loop detected: Template:Tlf

Examples

Note: Wikitables make the <code></code> tags transparent, unfortunately, so the "code colouring" is missing in these examples.

CodeResultComment
Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Shows its own syntax.
Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Template loop detected: Template:Tlc
Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Template loop detected: Template:Tlc
Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Template loop detected: Template:Tlc
{{tlc|name|a|b|c|d|e|f|g|h|i|j}} Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Shows up to eight parameters. The rest are dropped.
Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Also shows empty parameters.
Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Even shows empty parameters that come in the end.
Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Template loop detected: Template:Tlc The use of equals signs is a problem, but there is a fix; see next row.
Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Use numbered parameters to fix the problem with equals signs. Remember to start from 2, since the "name" is number 1.
  • Exceptions: If the intended template lists numerous/keyword parameters, then perhaps this template should really not be used, and just hardcode the usage with <code><nowiki>, for example: <code><nowiki>{{Anytemplate|arg1=23|size=250px|other parameters...}}</nowiki></code>. If a vertical display, with parameters on their own lines, is desired, this can also be laid out manually in this manner, or more rapidly done with <pre>...</pre>.

If you have equals signs in your template parameters then it probably is simpler and clearer to code it using <nowiki> tags, etc. Here are the codes to emulate Template loop detected: Template:Tlc, Template loop detected: Template:Tlc and Template loop detected: Template:Tlc respectively. Code is to the left and actual rendering to the right:

<nowiki>{{name|one=a|two=b}}</nowiki> = {{name|one=a|two=b}}
<tt><nowiki>{{name|one=a|two=b}}</nowiki></tt> = {{name|one=a|two=b}}
<code><nowiki>{{name|one=a|two=b}}</nowiki></code> = {{name|one=a|two=b}}

See also

Template loop detected: Template:Tl-navcy:Nodyn:Tlc es:Plantilla:Tlc fr:Modèle:Tlc ja:Template:Tlc no:mal:Tlc simple:Template:Tlc uk:Шаблон:Tld

, see full documentation there.

But here is a short example: 

{{tlf|template name|parameters}}

Renders like this:

Template loop detected: Template:Tlf

See also

Template loop detected: Template:Tl-navcy:Nodyn:Tlf no:mal:Tlf , but shows the braces as part of the link.

  • {{tla}} - Same as

This is the Template loop detected: Template:Tlf template.

This template works almost exactly like

This is the Template loop detected: Template:Tlc template.

This page also provides the full documentation for the templates {{tld}} and {{tlf}}, which work almost exactly identically.

Purpose and naming

When a template name with braces is to be shown in documentation, the braces have to be escaped in some way so it doesn't become an actual call to the template. Instead of using <nowiki></nowiki> tags you can write it more simply and concisely by using the Template loop detected: Template:Tlc, Template loop detected: Template:Tlc, or Template loop detected: Template:Tlc templates.

These templates work similarly to Template loop detected: Template:Tlc and Template loop detected: Template:Tlc, but don't make the template name into a link. When writing documentation you might want to avoid a lot of unnecessary links, since they can decrease readability. So on the first occurrence of a template name use {{tl}} or {{tlx}}, and then use Template loop detected: Template:Tlc, Template loop detected: Template:Tlc or Template loop detected: Template:Tlc thereafter.

Template Mnemonic Format differentiation
Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Template link code Uses the <code>...</code> tags meant for showing programming code.
Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Template link dialup-host Uses the <tt>...</tt> tags sometimes used for showing programming code. Essentially the non-linking equivalent of {{tlx}}.
Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Template link format-normal Uses proportional-spaced font as is normal for regular text rather than a monospace font as typically used with programming code. Essentially the non-linking equivalent of {{tlp}}.

The three names were based on {{tl}} template link', despite the fact that, unlike the actual Template loop detected: Template:Tlc template, these three don't include an actual link. The mnemonics for Template loop detected: Template:Tlc and Template loop detected: Template:Tlc were invented after the fact, since the template creator used the single letters still available rather than the preferred Template loop detected: Template:Tlc (using <tt>) and Template loop detected: Template:Tlc (using "normal", non-coded text style) monikers.

Basic operation

Here is how these templates look. Code is to the left; actual rendering to the right:

Template loop detected: Template:Tlc = Template loop detected: Template:Tlc
Template loop detected: Template:Tlc = {{name|parameters}}
Template loop detected: Template:Tlc = Template loop detected: Template:Tlf

Use with editprotected templates

Most Wikipedia users and even editors will have little or no need for use (or knowledge) of these templates. You will find them of more use if you are a writer or documenter of templates. However, editors may be pointed here when attempting to deal with edit requests on pages which have been protected in some way.

Pages which have been protected can't be edited by every user, but would-be editors can request specific changes on the corresponding Discussion page. An editor requesting a change to a semi-protected page, for example, would add the {{editsemiprotected}} template, followed by their request, to the Talk page. The Template loop detected: Template:Tlc template expands to a texty notice which includes the instruction, "Replace the Template loop detected: Template:Tlc template with Template loop detected: Template:Tlc when the request has been accepted or rejected." An empowered editor acting on the request would then change the template per this instruction.

The desired effect is to replace the Template loop detected: Template:Tlc template (with its big, eye-catching box of information) by the name of the template, merely showing that the template had been there, and acted upon. The use of the Template loop detected: Template:Tlc template means that the template should appear in a normal, proportional font-face, as in "Template loop detected: Template:Tlf".

Documentation

Functional details

  • This template takes another template-name and some associated pipe-tricked (numbered) parameters (or 'pass parameters'), and displays them as an 'example demonstration' of how the template-name template could be coded, literally. Its primary use is in instruction and documentation.
  • Specifics here???
  • Features of Template loop detected: Template:Tlc, Template loop detected: Template:Tlc and Template loop detected: Template:Tlc:
    • They show a template name and up to eight parameters.
    • They also show empty parameters. (See examples below.)
    • They prevent line wraps in their output.

Usage

Template loop detected: Template:Tlc → Template loop detected: Template:Tlc

Template loop detected: Template:Tlc → {{Template|first_parameter|second|third|fourth|fifth|sixth|seventh|eighth}}

Template loop detected: Template:Tlc → Template loop detected: Template:Tlf

Examples

Note: Wikitables make the <code></code> tags transparent, unfortunately, so the "code colouring" is missing in these examples.

CodeResultComment
Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Shows its own syntax.
Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Template loop detected: Template:Tlc
Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Template loop detected: Template:Tlc
Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Template loop detected: Template:Tlc
{{tlc|name|a|b|c|d|e|f|g|h|i|j}} Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Shows up to eight parameters. The rest are dropped.
Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Also shows empty parameters.
Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Even shows empty parameters that come in the end.
Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Template loop detected: Template:Tlc The use of equals signs is a problem, but there is a fix; see next row.
Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Template loop detected: Template:Tlc Use numbered parameters to fix the problem with equals signs. Remember to start from 2, since the "name" is number 1.
  • Exceptions: If the intended template lists numerous/keyword parameters, then perhaps this template should really not be used, and just hardcode the usage with <code><nowiki>, for example: <code><nowiki>{{Anytemplate|arg1=23|size=250px|other parameters...}}</nowiki></code>. If a vertical display, with parameters on their own lines, is desired, this can also be laid out manually in this manner, or more rapidly done with <pre>...</pre>.

If you have equals signs in your template parameters then it probably is simpler and clearer to code it using <nowiki> tags, etc. Here are the codes to emulate Template loop detected: Template:Tlc, Template loop detected: Template:Tlc and Template loop detected: Template:Tlc respectively. Code is to the left and actual rendering to the right:

<nowiki>{{name|one=a|two=b}}</nowiki> = {{name|one=a|two=b}}
<tt><nowiki>{{name|one=a|two=b}}</nowiki></tt> = {{name|one=a|two=b}}
<code><nowiki>{{name|one=a|two=b}}</nowiki></code> = {{name|one=a|two=b}}

See also

Template loop detected: Template:Tl-navcy:Nodyn:Tlc es:Plantilla:Tlc fr:Modèle:Tlc ja:Template:Tlc no:mal:Tlc simple:Template:Tlc uk:Шаблон:Tld

, see full documentation there.

But here is a short example: 

{{tlf|template name|parameters}}

Renders like this:

Template loop detected: Template:Tlf

See also

Template loop detected: Template:Tl-navcy:Nodyn:Tlf no:mal:Tlf , but it allows you to give display different text than you are linking to.</div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style=";" colspan="2">See also: {{lts}}, {{tlxb}}, {{para}}</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>cy:Nodyn:Para et:Mall:Para eo:Ŝablono:Parametro es:Plantilla:Parámetro hsb:Předłoha:Parameter id:Templat:Para ja:Template:Para ro:Format:Para sl:Predloga:Para ta:வார்ப்புரு:Para th:แม่แบบ:Para 

and invoked within the content. There are new error messages associated with this update, documented at Help:Cite errors. As usual, groups can be used. Defined references must be used within the body; unused references will show an error message.

Example 

This is reference 1.<ref name="refname1" group="groupname"/>
This is reference 2.<ref name="refname2" group="groupname"/>
This is reference 3.<ref name="refname3" group="groupname"/>

{{Reflist|group="groupname"|refs=
<ref name="refname1" group="groupname">content1</ref>
<ref name="refname2" group="groupname">content2</ref>
<ref name="refname3" group="groupname">content3</ref>
}}

Result

This is reference 1.[groupname 1] This is reference 2.[groupname 2] This is reference 3.[groupname 3]

  1. ↑ content1
  2. ↑ content2
  3. ↑ content3

Technical details

Browser support for columns

Multiple columns are generated by using CSS3, which is still in development; thus only browsers that properly support the multi-column property will show multiple columns with {{Reflist}}.[5][6]

Supports columns

These browsers support CSS3 columns:

No column support

These browsers do not support CSS3 columns:

Supporting CSS

{{Reflist}} uses a CSS rule in MediaWiki:Common.css to set the font size:

  • div.references { font-size: 90%; }

One of the the following classes is assigned by the template when either column count or column width is set:

  • .references-column-count and .references-column-count-n (where n is the numer of columns)
  • .references-column-width

The following CSS properties are utilized using the {{column-count}} and {{column-width}} templates:

  • column-count CSS3 standard
  • column-width CSS3 standard
  • -moz-column-count Mozilla CSS extension
  • -moz-column-width Mozilla CSS extension
  • -webkit-column-count Webkit CSS extension
  • -webkit-column-width Webkit CSS extension

Customizing the view

Further information: Help:Reference display customization

By editing your CSS, the personal appearance of the reference list can be customized. From Preferences, select the Appearance tab, then on the selected skin select Custom CSS. After editing and saving, follow the instructions at the top of the page to purge. See Wikipedia:Skin#Customisation (advanced users) for more help.

Font size

The font size defaults to 90% of the standard size. To change it, add:

<source lang="css">div.references { font-size: 90%; }</source>

Change 90% to the desired size.

Columns

To disable columns, add:

<source lang="css"> .references-column-count, .references-column-width { 

   column-count: 1 !important;
   column-width: auto !important;
   -moz-column-count: 1 !important;
   -moz-column-width: auto !important;
   -webkit-column-count: 1 !important;
   -webkit-column-width: auto !important;

} </source>

Similarly, to force all reference lists to a number of columns, change the number.

Column dividers

To add dividers (rules) between columns, add:

<source lang="css"> .references-column-count, .references-column-width { 

   column-rule: 1px solid #aaa;
   -moz-column-rule: 1px solid #aaa;
   -webkit-column-rule: 1px solid #aaa;

} </source>

You can alter the appearance of the dividers by changing the values.

Collapsing and scrolling

There have been a number of requests to add functionality for a collapsible or scrolling reference list. These requests have not been fulfilled to due to issues with readability, accessibility, and printing. The applicable guidelines are at MOS:SCROLL.

The links between the inline cite and the reference list do not work when the reference list is enclosed in a collapsed box.

See also

References

  1. ↑ See User:Edokter/fonttest for a comparison of font sizes for various browsers; see previous discussions on changing the font size to resolve the IE issue.
  2. ↑ "CSS3 Multi-Column Thriller". December 30, 2005. http://www.stuffandnonsense.co.uk/archives/css3_multi-column_thriller.html. Retrieved November 24, 2006. 
  3. ↑ "CSS3 module: Multi-column layout". W3C. December 15, 2005. http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-multicol/. Retrieved November 24, 2006. 
  4. ↑ "CSS Compatibility and Internet Explorer: Multi-column Layout". Microsoft Developer Network. Microsoft. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc351024(VS.85).aspx#multicolumn. Retrieved September 15, 2008. 


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